Sponses were highest in response to highLY3039478 custom synthesis intensity shocks and to self.
Sponses have been highest in response to highintensity shocks and to self. Oxazepam didn’t have PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23737661 a principal effect on heart rate (0.006, [0.044, 0.032], p 0.74, figure 9a,b). The impact of oxazepam on empathic responding was assessed as a threeway interaction involving remedy, shock intensity and selfother situation. We had hypothesized that oxazepam would bring about reduced heart rate responses particularly in the other higher condition, but this impact was not demonstrated (0.039, [0.093, 0.04], p 0.five, figure 9a,b). A post hoc test inside the self situation only showed a primary impact of high pain stimulus of 0.08 [0.05, 0.0], p 0.000, a most important impact of oxazepam of 0.0 [0.05, 0.03], p 0.76 and an interaction of 0.02 [0.02, 0.06], p 0.3, with larger impact in the high situation inside the oxazepam group. A post hoc test in(a)corrugator EMG, self, wave 0EMG (mV)(b)corrugator EMG, other, wave 0EMG (mV)(c)corrugator EMG, self, wave two 0EMG (mV)rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org R. Soc. open sci. 4:…………………………………………higher shock low shock2 04 2 0 two time (s) 42 04 two 0 2 time (s) 42 04 two 0 two time (s) 4corrugator EMG, other, wavecorrugator EMG, selfcorrugator EMG, other(d) 0EMG (mV)(e)log imply EMG7.(f)log mean EMGplacebo oxazepam7.eight.eight.two 04 2 0 2 time (s) 48.7 low shock intensity high8.7 low shock intensity highFigure 0. Empathy for pain: corrugator EMG activity. For the reason that stimulus timing differed in between waves and 2, distinct time windows had been applied. (a,b) The initial dotted vertical line shows onset in the stimulus cue. The second and third dotted vertical line bound the interval in which the shock as well as the shock cue appeared. The grey region shows the time window for which signal was averaged. (c,d) The initial dotted vertical line shows the onset with the stimulus cue. The second vertical line shows when the shock and also the shock cue appeared. The grey region shows the time window for which signal was averaged. (e,f ) Estimates from mixedeffect models.the other situation only showed a primary impact of higher pain stimulus of 0.02 [0.00, 0.05], p 0.0, a most important effect of oxazepam of 0.0 [0.03, 0.04], p 0.74 and an interaction of 0.02 [0.06, 0.02], p 0.30, with lower effect in the higher situation inside the oxazepam group.three.four.five. Superciliary corrugator activityThere was a main effect of high versus low shock intensity (0.66, [0.39, 0.29], p 0.000) but not of other versus self condition 
(0.00, [0.26, 0.36], p 0.9), as well as a twoway interaction (0.48, [0.58, 0.38], p 0.000, figure 0a,b), such that corrugator EMG responses have been highest in response to highintensity shocks and to self. Oxazepam didn’t have a most important effect on EMG responses (0.00, [0.25, 0.24], p 0.98, figure 0a,b), however it did show a twoway interaction with shock intensity (0.9, [0.28, 0.09], p 0.000, figure 0a,b), such that responses to shocks of higher intensity were reduce within the oxazepam group. The impact of oxazepam on empathic responding was assessed as a threeway interaction between remedy, shock intensity and selfother situation. We had hypothesized that oxazepam would trigger reduced corrugator EMG responses particularly in the other higher condition, but this impact was not observed (0 [0.02, 0.22], p 0 figure 0c,d). A post hoc test within the self situation only showed a main effect of high pain stimulus of 0.66 [0.58, 0.73], p 0.000, a key effect of oxazepam of 0.02 [0.25, 0.29], p 0.88, and an interaction of 0.9 [0.30, 0.08], p 0.0008, with reduced impact within the higher situation in the oxazepam gro.