Ested pBSKII . The sequence was confirmed by DNA sequencing. The NcoI/BamHI fragment was then subcloned into p416Gal1 (p416Gal1-LUC) for expression in yeast. Cartridge-purified oligonucleotide pairs encoding 14-mer peptides (p370(A), p370(B), p530(A), p530(B), pSGG(A), and pSGG(B)) at a concentration of 5 nM in 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH eight, 50 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH eight, were phosphorylated working with polynucleotide kinase, annealed by heating to 95 , and gradually cooling to 25 ( 0.1 /5 s), digested with BamHI/XhoI, and inserted into p416Gal1 LUC digested with the exact same enzymes. Appropriate insertion was confirmed by sequencing. For recombinant production of FFL fusion proteins, PacI/XhoI segments from p416Gal1-LUC series constructs have been subcloned into pPROEX-LUC. Protein Purification–All Hsp104 variants have been expressed and purified as described elsewhere (19). Ydj1 was purified as described previously (30). For purification of recombinant Ssa1, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (SSA1, ssa2, ssa3, ssa4, and pCAUHSEM-SSA1) was grown at 30 to mid-log phase in YP containing 2 glucose. The culture was then supplemented with 0.1 volume of 10 YP (1 (w/v) yeast extract, 2 (w/v) peptone), 2 glucose, and one hundred M CuSO4, along with the cells have been permitted to induce overnight. Ssa1 was then purified primarily as described elsewhere (30). For expression and purification of FFL and mutant variants, plasmids were transformed into BL21Codon plus cells, and expression of N-terminal poly-histidine-tagged FFL was induced in mid-log phase with one hundred M isopropyl 1-thio- -Dgalactopyranoside at 18 overnight. Harvested cells have been resuspended in 20 mM Tris, pH eight, 400 mM NaCl, 10 mM imidazole, and 1.4 mM -mercaptoethanol and lysed by French press. Poly-histidine-tagged FFL was isolated by chromatography on nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Qiagen). Pooled peak fractions had been diluted to 2 mg/ml, dialyzed twice against 20 mM Tris, pH 8, 50 mM NaCl, 1.4 mM -mercaptoethanol, and 10 glycerol, and applied to anion exchange chromatography. Peak fractions had been dialyzedVOLUME 283 Quantity 44 OCTOBER 31,30140 JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRYPeptide and Protein Binding by Hsptwice against 50 mM Tris, pH 8, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.8 M ammonium sulfate, and 2 glycerol, and frozen at 80 . Protein concentrations had been determined Lactacystin Data Sheet applying the Bio-Rad Assay Reagent with bovine serum albumin as a common. Peptide Synthesis–Peptides arrays had been created by spot synthesis on cellulose membranes according to the manufacturer’s directions (Intavis, Germany). 477-57-6 custom synthesis Soluble peptides had been synthesized in the Sophisticated Protein Technology Center (Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada). Stock peptide solutions were made freshly by resuspending to 1 mM in sterile water. Concentrations were determined by measuring absorbance at 280 nm or working with the Bio-Rad Assay Reagent with bovine serum albumin as a typical. Hsp104 Binding to Peptide Arrays–Arrays were blocked in 1 Blocking Resolution (Sigma- Aldrich) diluted in binding buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH eight, 150 mM NaCl, ten mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol), rinsed three times in binding buffer, and overlaid with 35 nM Hsp104trap in the presence of 2 mM ATP for 1 h at space temperature. Unbound Hsp104 was removed by comprehensive washing in binding buffer containing ATP. Bound protein was then transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride working with a semidry blotter, and Hsp104 was detected having a rabbit polyclonal antibody. Immunoreactive spots were detected by enhanced.