The National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science
The National Analysis Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (No. NRF2020M3A9I3038523) and Rural Improvement Administration (PJ015732), Republic of Korea. The BK21 plus program supported scholarships for all students. This analysis received no external funding. Institutional Overview Board Statement: Not applicable. Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Data Availability Statement: The information presented within this study are out there on request from the corresponding author. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no function inside the design in the study; inside the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; inside the writing from the manuscript, or inside the decision to publish the outcomes. Sample Availability: Samples of your compounds 1 are certainly not available in the authors.
moleculesArticleLabdane Diterpenoids from Salvia Streptonigrin manufacturer tingitana Etl. Synergize with Clindamycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusValeria Iobbi 1 , Paola Brun 2 , Giulia Bernab2 , Rom Arago DouguKentsop 1,three , Giuliana Donadio 4 , Barbara Ruffoni 3 , Paola Fossa 1 , Angela Bisio 1, and Nunziatina De TommasiDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; [email protected] (V.I.); [email protected] (R.A.D.K.); [email protected] (P.F.) Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Through Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; [email protected] (P.B.); [email protected] (G.B.) Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura REA Centro di ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, 18038 San Remo, Italy; [email protected] Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy; [email protected] (G.D.); [email protected] (N.D.T.) Correspondence: [email protected]: Iobbi, V.; Brun, P.; Bernab G.; DouguKentsop, R.A.; Donadio, G.; Ruffoni, B.; Fossa, P.; Bisio, A.; De Tommasi, N. Labdane Diterpenoids from Salvia tingitana Etl. Synergize with Clindamycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2021, 26, 6681. https://doi.org/10.3390/ molecules26216681 Academic Editor: Jorge A. R. Salvador Received: 6 October 2021 Accepted: 1 November 2021 Published: 4 NovemberAbstract: Quorum-sensing (QS) is often a regulatory mechanism in bacterial communication, ML-SA1 In Vitro significant for pathogenesis control. The search for compact molecules active as quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSI) that can synergize with antibiotics is deemed a superb technique to counteract the problem of antibiotic resistance. Right here the antimicrobial labdane diterpenoids sclareol (1) and manool (two) extracted from Salvia tingitana have been thought of as prospective QSI against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Only sclareol showed synergistic activity with clindamycin. The quantification of those compounds by LC S evaluation in the organs and inside the calli of S. tingitana showed that sclareol is most abundant inside the flower spikes and is produced by calli, though manool is definitely the big labdane from the roots, and is abundant also inside the leaves. Other metabolites in the roots had been abietane diterpenoids, common in Salvia species, and pentacyclic triterpenoids, bearing a -lactone moiety, previously undescribed in Salvia. Docking simulations recommended that 1 and 2 bind to key residues, involved in direct interactions with DNA. They might prevent accessory gene regulator A (AgrA) binding to DNA or AgrA activation upon phosph.